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Valid European law reference formats for JustCite
JustCite incorporates linking technology developed by Justis Publishing that recognises a string of characters as a citation of a document, and then locates and displays the appropriate data about that document.
Citations in the following formats can be used in the Reference field on the Search In EU screen, or on the Quick Search screen.
Please note that although some of the recognised formats look like titles, you must not search using the Title field — if you do, then JustCite will find all documents that contain the words in the title, not just the document you are looking for.
It does not matter whether the citation includes full, partial or no punctuation; or is in upper, lower or mixed case.
| If you see any of these references on a web page, then you can use the free J-Link legal research tool to convert them into links to information in JustCite. |
The citation formats for European information that JustCite can recognise include:
Document numbers
- CELEX
- COM DOCs
- Council Common Positions
- European Court cases
- European Union Decisions
- European Union Directives
- European Union Regulations
- European Union Treaty articles
Common names
- European Union Agreements and Conventions
- European Union Decisions
- European Union Directives
- European Union Regulations
- European Union Treaties
- Council of Europe Conventions
Publication references
CELEX – document numbers
Each document in CELEX has been assigned a unique document number (e.g. 31997L0044), which usually contains ten characters. This number is used in the various fields, databases and sectors in the CELEX database to identify and cross reference documents. Valid numbers include:
- 31997L0044
- 31986R3528-A02P3
- 11997D/AFI/CE
- 61994B0088
- 61994B0088(01)
- 61994B0088(02)
Document numbers are constructed using the following format:
Sector + Year + Document Type + Document Identifier
Sector – (1 character – 31997L0044) The first character in the CELEX document number, indicating the sector in which the document can be found.
Year – (4 digits – 31997L0044) The second, third, fourth and fifth characters in the CELEX document number are the 4 digits of the year of publication of the document, e.g. 1998.
Document Type – (1 or 2 characters – 31997L0044). The sixth (and sometimes seventh) character in the CELEX document number, always alphabetic, not numeric. For each sector, alphabetic codes have been assigned to various types of documents. The same code can have different meanings in different sectors.
Document Identifier – (normally 4 digits – 31997L0044) The four numbers following the alphabetic document type in the CELEX document number. This is an identifying number for the document (such as the Directive Number). For numbers with fewer than 4 digits, leading zeroes must be added.
Some documents in the Treaties database have document numbers that include forward slashes and that use alphabetic characters for the document identifier, for example 11997D/AFI/CE is a valid document number in which the document identifier is “AFI/CE”.
Example
The CELEX document dealing with Council Directive 97/44/EC of 22 July 1997 has the document number 31997L0044, which can be broken down as follows:
| 3 | Sector 3 (Secondary Legislation) |
| 1997 | publication year 1997 |
| L | Document Type L (EC/EURATOM Directives) |
| 44 | the identifying number of the document |
Suffixes
Some document numbers include a suffix. Some suffixes indicate a part of a document, for example:
31986R3528-A02P3
means Article 2, Part 3 of Regulation number 3528 of 1986. Other suffixes indicate a series of related documents, for example:
61994B0088, 61994B0088(01) and 61994B0088(02)
are all concerned with Case T-88/94 in the Court of First Instance.
Wild Cards
You can not use wild cards in the Reference text box on the Search screen.
COM DOCs – number formats
The formats of numbers of COM DOCs, preparatory documents for European Union legislation, that JustCite can recognise include:
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The elements of the numbers can be separated by space, hyphen or slash, and the alphabetic parts can be in upper or lower case. The digits representing the year can be enclosed in parentheses.
Years from 2000 onwards always have 4 digits. Years before 2000 originally had 2 digits and should have been converted to 4 digits. However, some documents still have 2-digit years, and so you need to look for both versions, e.g. Com Doc 90/132 and Com Doc 1990/132, to be sure of finding all matching documents.
Council Common Positions – number formats
Formats of numbers of Common Positions of the Council of the European Union on the Common Foreign and Security Policy that JustCite can recognise include:
- Common Position 2003 444 CFSP
- Common Position 2003-444-CFSP
- Common Position 2003/444/CFSP
- Common Position 2003/444/C.F.S.P.
- Council Common Position 2003 444 CFSP
- Council Common Position 2003-444-CFSP
- Council Common Position 2003/444/CFSP
- Council Common Position 2003/444/C.F.S.P.
Alphabetic characters can be upper or lower case.
For documents in which the year component of the number is before 2000, two-digit numbers can also be used:
- Common Position 96 184 CFSP
- Common Position 96-184-CFSP
- Common Position 96/184/CFSP
- Common Position 96/184/C.F.S.P.
- Council Common Position 96 184 CFSP
- Council Common Position 96-184-CFSP
- Council Common Position 96/184/CFSP
- Council Common Position 96/184/C.F.S.P.
JustCite can also recognise numbers of Common Positions of the Council of the European Union in the following formats:
- Common Position (E.C.) No. 5/2004
- Common Position (EC) No 5/2004
- Common Position (E.C.) 5/2004
- Common Position (EC) 5/2004
- Common Position (E.C.) 5-2004
- Common Position (EC) 5-2004
- Council Common Position (E.C.) No. 5/2004
- Council Common Position (EC) No 5/2004
- Council Common Position (E.C.) 5/2004
- Council Common Position (EC) 5/2004
- Council Common Position (E.C.) 5-2004
- Council Common Position (EC) 5-2004
JustCite cannot recognise numbers of EC Common Positions prior to the year 2000, because they do not match their CELEX document numbers – for example Common Position (EC) No 20/1999 has the document number 51999AG0514(01).
European Court – case numbers
Formats of case numbers from the Court of Justice of the European Communities and the Court of First Instance that JustCite can recognise include:
- Case C-361/2000
- Case 361/2000
- C-361/2000
- C-361 2000
- C/361/2000
- C-361-2000
- C 361 2000
- C-278/2000 R
- C-317/2000 P(R)
- Case T-65/2000
- Case T-342/2000 R
- T-65/2000
- Cases T-112/2000 and T-122/2000
- Joined Cases T-112/2000 and T-122/2000
- Joint Cases T-112/2000 & T-122/2000
The initial “C” or “T” , the case number and the year can be separated by space, slash or hyphen.
Alphabetic characters can be upper or lower case.
For cases in which the year component of the number is before 2000, two-digit numbers can also be used:
- Case C-152/97
- Case 152/97
- C-152/97
- C-152 97
- C/152/97
- C-152-97
- C 152 97
- C-180/96 R
- C-151/97 P(I)
- Case T-179/96 R
- Case T-179/96
- T-179/96
- Cases C-296/93 and C-307/93
- Joined Cases C-74/95 & C-129/95
- Joint Cases C-74/95 & C-129/95
European Union Decisions – number formats
Formats of European Union Decision numbers that JustCite can recognise include:
- Commission Decision No. 96/391/EC
- Commission Decision 96/391/EC
- Decision 96/391/EC
- Decision 96/391
- Commission Decision 391/96/EC
- Decision 391/96/EC
- Decision 391/96
- Commission Decision No. 4031/88/ECSC
- Decision No. 4031/88/ECSC
- Decision No. 88/4031/ECSC
- Decision 88/4031/ECSC
- Commission Decision No. 98/682/EC, Euratom
- Decision 98/682/EC, Euratom
- Decision 98/682
- Decision 682/98
- Council Decision of 23 October 1995, 95/487/EC
- Council Decision 75/364/EEC of 16 June 1975
The elements that make up the reference can be separated by space, slash or hyphen.
Case does not matter, so DIR, dir or directive will also work.
European Union Directives – number formats
Formats of European Union Directive numbers that JustCite can recognise include:
- Commission Directive 97/8/EC
- Commission Directive 97/8
- Directive 97/8/EC
- Directive 97/8
- Directive 97-8
- Directive 97 8
- Dir 97/8/EC
- Dir 97/8
- Dir 97-8
- Dir 97 8
- Dir/97/8
The first word and the two numbers can be separated by space, slash or hyphen.
Case does not matter, so DIR, dir or directive will also work.
European Union Regulations – number formats
Formats of European Union Regulation numbers that JustCite can recognise include:
- Commission Regulation 99/63
- Council Regulation (EC) No. 2027/97
- Regulation (EC) No. 2027/97
- Regulation No. 2027/97
- Regulation 2027/97
- Regulation 2027-97
- Regulation 2027 97
- Reg (EC) 2027/97
- Reg 2027/97
- Reg 2027-97
- Reg 2027 97
- Reg/2027/97
- Regulation 2027 of 1997
The word “regulation” and the two numbers can be separated by space, slash or hyphen. There can be other text between the word “regulation” and the numbers.
Case does not matter, so REG, reg or regulation will also work.
European Union Treaties – article number formats
Formats of numbers of Articles of European Union Treaties that JustCite can recognise include:
- Article 4 E.C.
- Article 4 EC
- Article 5 E.E.C.
- Article 5 EEC
- Article 6 Treaty of Rome
- Treaty of Rome Article 6
- Article 7 E.C. Treaty
- Article 7 EC Treaty
- Article 8 E.E.C. Treaty
- Article 8 EEC Treaty
- E.E.C. Treaty Article 8
- EEC Treaty Article 8
- Article 9 Treaty Establishing the EEC
- Treaty Establishing the EEC Article 9
- Article 10 Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community
- Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community Article 10
- Article 4 EURATOM Treaty
- EURATOM Treaty Article 4
- Article 2 Single European Act
- Single European Act Article 2
- European Coal and Steel Treaty Article 5
- Article 5 European Coal and Steel Treaty
- ECSC Treaty Article 7
- Article 7 E.C.S.C. Treaty
- Article 7 ECSC Treaty
References that contain some words between the Article and Treaty portions of the reference can also be recognised, for example the following references link to the correct records in CELEX:
- Article 177 of the EEC Treaty
- Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 100
References to multiple articles are not recognised.
European Union Agreements and Conventions – common names
The common names of European Union Agreements and Conventions that JustCite can recognise include:
| Common name | CELEX No. |
|---|---|
| Enforcement of Judgements Convention Enforcement of Judgments Convention Brussels Convention Convention de Bruxelles |
41968A0927 |
| Agreement on the European Economic Area European Economic Area Agreement E.E.A. Agreement EEA Agreement |
21994A0103 |
| First ACP EEC Lomé Convention First ACP EEC Lome Convention 1st ACP EEC Lomé Convention 1st ACP EEC Lome Convention Première Convention de Lomé ACP UE |
21975A0228 |
| Second ACP EEC Lomé Convention Second ACP EEC Lome Convention 2nd ACP EEC Lomé Convention 2nd ACP EEC Lome Convention Deuxième Convention de Lomé ACP UE |
21979A1031 |
| Third ACP EEC Lomé Convention Third ACP EEC Lome Convention 3rd ACP EEC Lomé Convention 3rd ACP EEC Lome Convention Troisième Convention de Lomé ACP UE |
21986A0331 |
| Fourth ACP EEC Lomé Convention Fourth ACP EEC Lome Convention 4th ACP EEC Lomé Convention 4th ACP EEC Lome Convention Quatrième Convention de Lomé ACP UE |
21991A0817 |
| Contractual Obligations Convention Rome Convention Convention de Rome |
41980A0934 |
| Schengen Acquis Schengen Agreement Schengen Convention Schengen Treaty |
42000A0922 |
| Community Patent Convention | 41975A3490 |
| Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property | 21975A1114 |
European Union Decisions – common names
The common names of European Union Decisions that JustCite can recognise include:
| Common name | Decision No. |
|---|---|
| Conformity Assessment Procedures and CE Marking Rules Decision | Decision 1993/465 |
| Overseas Association Decision | Decision 2001/822 |
European Union Directives – common names
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
The common names of European Union Directives that JustCite can recognise include:
European Union Regulations – common names
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
The common names of European Union Regulations that JustCite can recognise include:
European Union Treaties – common names
The common names of European Union Treaties that JustCite can recognise include:
| Common name | CELEX No. |
|---|---|
| Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community European Coal and Steel Treaty E.C.S.C. Treaty ECSC Treaty Paris Treaty Treaty of Paris Traité Communauté européenne du charbon et de l'acier Traité C.E.C.A. Traité CECA |
11951K |
| Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community EURATOM Treaty Euratom Treaty E.A.E.C. Treaty EAEC Treaty Traité EURATOM Traité Euratom Traité fondateur |
11957A |
| Treaty establishing the European Economic Community Treaty establishing the European Community Treaty establishing the EEC E.E.C. Treaty EEC Treaty Rome Treaty Treaty of Rome Traité instituant la Communauté économique européenne Traité instituant la CEE Traité C.E.E. Traité CEE Traité de Rome |
11957E |
| Treaty establishing a single Council and a single Commission Merger Treaty Brussels Treaty Treaty of Brussels |
11965F |
| Treaty amending certain budgetary provisions | 11970F |
| Accession Treaty of Denmark, Ireland, Great Britain and Norway Accession Treaty of Denmark, Ireland, Norway and Great Britain Accession Treaty of Denmark, Ireland and Great Britain |
11972B |
| Treaty amending certain provisions of the statute of the European Investment Bank Treaty amending certain financial provisions |
11975R |
| Accession Treaty for Greece | 11979H |
| Amending Treaty for Greenland | 11985G |
| Accession Treaty for Portugal and Spain Accession Treaty for Portugal & Spain |
11985I |
| Single European Act Single Market Treaty Acte unique européen |
11986U |
| Treaty on European Union Treaty of European Union European Union Treaty Maastricht Treaty Traité de l'Union européenne Traité d'Union européenne Traité sur l'Union européenne Traité U.E. Traité UE Traité de Maastricht |
11992M/TXT |
| Accession Treaty of Austria, Finland and Sweden | 11994N |
| Amsterdam Treaty Treaty of Amsterdam |
11997E/TXT |
| Nice Treaty Treaty of Nice |
12001C/TXT |
Council of Europe Conventions – common names
The common names of Conventions and Treaties of the Council of Europe that JustCite can recognise include:
- Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
- European Convention on Human Rights
- European Convention of Human Rights
- Human Rights Convention
- European Social Charter
- European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
- European Agreement Relating to Persons Participating in Proceedings of the European Court of Human Rights
- European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
- Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Official Journal C Series – reference formats
The following formats of publication references for the Official Journal of the European Union C Series are recognised by JustCite, but only display a link to Justis. Following that link will display a list of the items in the issue.
- Official Journal No. C 231, 1996
- Official Journal No. C 231, 1996, Item 5
- Official Journal No. C 231, 30 5 1996
- OJ No. C 231, 1996
- OJ No. C 231, 1996, Item 5
- OJ No. C 231, 30 5 1996
- 1996/C 231/05
- 1996/C 231
- 1996 C 231
- 96/C 231
- 96 C 231
Punctuation is optional, and alphabetic characters can be either upper or lower case.
8th July 2008